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La colombe
''La Colombe'' (''The Dove'') is an opéra comique in two acts by Charles Gounod with a libretto by Jules Barbier and Michel Carré based on the poem ''Le Faucon'' by Jean de la Fontaine. It premiered in a one-act version at the Theater der Stadt in Baden-Baden on 3 August 1860, where it was well received and performed four times. It was revived on 7 June 1866 by the Opéra-Comique at the Salle Favart in Paris in an expanded two-act version with additional music added by Gounod.〔Huebner 1990, pp. 58–59; Huebner 2001, p. 338; Wild & Charlton 2005, p. 196; Letellier 2010, p. 358.〕
== Performance history==
Gounod's previous opera, ''Philémon et Baucis'', also with a text by Barbier and Carré based on a story by La Fontaine, had originally been commissioned for the summer season of 1859 by Édouard Bénazet, the director of the theatre and casino at Baden-Baden. When the political situation between France and Germany deteriorated in June, Gounod's opera was preemptively withdrawn to avoid potential negative reaction from German audiences, and it ended up being premiered in an expanded form in February by Léon Carvalho at the Théâtre Lyrique in Paris. To compensate Bénazet for his loss, Gounod quickly composed ''La colombe'' during a two-week period for the following summer. (The score is dedicated to Bénazet.) Although it received an ovation in Baden-Baden, it did not do particularly well in its expanded version in the 1866 revival at the Opéra-Comique, receiving a total of only 29 performances. It was presented in Brussels on 5 December 1867, in Stockholm in Swedish on 11 February 1868, at the Crystal Palace in London on 20 September 1870 (as ''The Pet Dove'' in an English translation by H. B. Farnie), in Copenhagen in Danish on 27 April 1873 and Prague in Czech on 22 September 1873. It was presented in Bologna in Italian and again in Paris in French in 1912. Diaghilev presented it on 1 January 1923 in Monte Carlo, with recitatives composed by the 24-year-old Francis Poulenc replacing the spoken dialogue.〔Gounod 2000, p. 9; Huebner 1990, pp. 58–59; Huebner 2001, p. 338; Gounod (()); Loewenberg 1978, columns 947–948.〕
In the 21st century, ''La colombe'' was performed in 2013 in Siena〔Giraldi, Juliet. (''Gounod's La Colombe dazzles in Siena'' ). Opera Now. Retrieved 5 November 2015.〕 and in Buxton,〔Hall, George. (''La Princesse Jaune/La Colombe – review'' ). The Guardian. Retrieved 5 November 2015.〕 and also in Paris in 2014.〔Bury, Laurent. ''(La Colombe/Le Pauvre Matelot - Paris (Athénée) )''. Forumopera.com. Retrieved 5 November 2015 〕
The opera includes a ''dugazon'' trouser role for the valet, Mazet, and Maitre Jean has a bass aria ("Le grand art de la cuisine") on the past glories of the kitchen that still turns up in recital occasionally.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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